THE CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF HOMOCYSTEINE LEVELS IN PREGNANT WOMEN

Abstract

Homocysteine is a non-protein amino acid involved in methionine metabolism, and its elevated levels during pregnancy have been associated with multiple obstetric complications. This thesis explores the clinical relevance of hyperhomocysteinemia in pregnant women, focusing on its link to preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction (FGR), small-for-gestational-age infants (SGA), and placental insufficiency. Scientific literature indicates that elevated homocysteine levels can impair vascular endothelial function, increase oxidative stress, and disrupt placental circulation, thereby negatively impacting pregnancy outcomes. The findings emphasize the importance of early screening and intervention through nutritional supplementation—particularly folic acid and vitamins B6 and B12—to reduce the risks associated with high homocysteine levels and promote healthy maternal and fetal development.