TYPES OF NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM WOOL FIBERS, THEIR AREAS OF USE, AND COMBINATION WITH DIFFERENT FIBERS
Keywords:
Non-woven fabrics, textile industry, wool fibers, sound insulation, thermal insulation, acoustic properties, yarn production, waste composition, processing techniques, needle perforation, fire resistance, composite materials, computer-aided design, material properties, technical textilesAbstract
This study explores the advancements and applications of non-woven fabrics in the textile industry, which are valued for their heat resistance, abrasion resistance, and noise insulation properties. Predominantly crafted from wool, cotton, and synthetic fibers, these materials highlight a global raw wool distribution, primarily from the Netherlands and Italy, with 25-30% waste incorporated into the production process. Challenges in producing high-quality yarn from wool arise due to impurities like vegetable and organic residues.
Recent innovations in processing techniques, such as needle perforation and water processing, have enhanced the technical properties of non-woven fabrics, making them effective for sound absorption and thermal insulation. Additionally, the integration of fire-resistant materials has improved their safety features, making them suitable for various applications in construction and the automotive industry.
Furthermore, computer-aided design processes facilitate the simulation of fabric properties, enabling the optimization of sound absorption characteristics influenced by fiber arrangement and density. This research underscores the versatile and evolving nature of non-woven fabrics, highlighting their significance in energy-efficient and protective textile solutions.
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