GALLSTONE DISEASE - CAUSES, SYMPTOMS, TYPES, DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, PREVENTION
Keywords:
Gallstones, medical treatment, diagnoses, difficult cases, healthcare issues, statistics, females, disorders.Abstract
Gallstone disease is a common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by the formation of small, hard deposits in the gallbladder, a small, pear-shaped organ located beneath the liver. These deposits, known as gallstones, can range in size from a grain of sand to a golf ball and are primarily composed of cholesterol, bilirubin, and calcium salts. Gallstone disease can ca use a range of symptoms, from mild discomfort to severe pain, and can lead to complications such as inflammation, infection, and even cancer if left untreated. In this article, we will provide a comprehensive review of the causes, symptoms, types, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of gallstone disease.
References
Portincasa, P., Di Ciaula, A., and Grattagliano, I. "Preventing a Mass Disease: The Case of Gallstones Disease: Role and Competence for Family Physicians." 2016. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Di Ciaula, A. and Portincasa, P. "Recent advances in understanding and managing cholesterol gallstones." 2018. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
C. Murphy, M., Gibney, B., Gillespie, C., Hynes, J., and Bolster, F. "Gallstones top to toe: what the radiologist needs to know." 2020. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Hu H, Shao W, Liu Q, Liu N, Wang Q, Xu J, Zhang X, Weng Z, Lu Q, Jiao L, Chen C, Sun H, Jiang Z, Zhang X, Gu A. Gut microbiota promotes cholesterol gallstone formation by modulating bile acid composition and biliary cholesterol secretion. Nat Commun. 2022 Jan 11;13(1):252.
Sharma R, Sachan SG, Sharma SR. In vitro analysis of gallstone formation in the presence of bacteria. Indian J Gastroenterol. 2020 Oct;39(5):473-480.
Shi T, Li D, Li D, Sun J, Xie P, Wang T, Li R, Li Z, Zou Z, Ren X. Individual and joint associations of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) with gallstone disease in adults: A cross-sectional study. Chemosphere. 2024 Jun;358:142168.
