THE SUBSTRUCTURE AND SUPERSTRUCTURE OF RAILWAYS
Keywords:
railway structure, substructure, superstructure, rail, sleeper, roadbed, ground, drainage system, ballast, railway construction, ballastless track, technical maintenance, rail installation, engineering structures, high-speed railways, modern transport infrastructure.Abstract
This article provides detailed information about the main structural components of railway tracks — the substructure and superstructure. The substructure includes the ground, the roadbed, and the drainage system, along with their functions and technical characteristics. The superstructure consists of rails, sleepers, fastening components, and ballast, all of which are crucial for the safe movement of trains. The article also covers different types of railway structures, construction stages, technical maintenance, and modern development trends. It serves as an important theoretical and practical resource for specialists in railway engineering, construction, and operation.
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