COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT IN MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis is the most common demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Recently, there has been an increase in the frequency of its cases in many countries, including Uzbekistan. It has been revealed that the risk of developing PC is significantly influenced by belonging to a particular race and ethnic group, as well as place of residence[1]. In the world, PC is the most common among the white population of the globe. It is noteworthy that among representatives of the white race who live in southern latitudes, the prevalence of PC is significantly lower compared to North America or Europe. In Russia, in the Republic of Dagestan in 2006, there were 9.4 cases per 100,000 population. In the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis, both an autoimmune pathological process and a neurodegenerative one play a role, which causes early damage to axons - together this leads to irreversible disability in MS. In about 1/2 of patients, cognitive disorders can be detected by neuropsychological testing at the beginning of the disease. At the same time, the patients themselves do not make any complaints or note only increased "mental fatigue". But after 3 years of the disease, 20% of patients have significant disorders in this area, up to the development of dementia in some cases. [2]