COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENTS AFTER ISCHEMIC STROKE IN YOUNG ADULTS

Abstract

Ischemic stroke in young adults represents a significant medical and social challenge, leading not only to functional limitations but also to persistent cognitive impairments that affect quality of life, professional activity, and learning capacity. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency, structure, and severity of cognitive impairments in young patients following ischemic stroke, as well as to identify factors associated with their development and recovery dynamics. A comprehensive evaluation of cognitive functions was performed using standardized neuropsychological tests (MoCA, FAB, and additional scales), supported by an analysis of clinical and neurological parameters, stroke characteristics, and neuroimaging data. The findings demonstrate a high prevalence of cognitive deficits during both the acute and recovery periods, with predominant involvement of attention, memory, and executive functions. It was established that the severity of cognitive impairments is associated with stroke severity assessed by the NIHSS, localization of the ischemic lesion, presence of vascular risk factors, and the extent of perfusion deficits. The analysis highlights the importance of early cognitive screening in young adults with ischemic stroke and the need for individualized neurorehabilitation programs. The results may serve as a basis for improving patient management pathways and enhancing the effectiveness of rehabilitation strategies.