AGE AND SECOND LANGUAGE AQUASITION

Qosimova Yulduzxon Abdullajon kizi,  Lazokat Dadabayeva

Authors

Qosimova Yulduzxon Abdullajon kizi, Lazokat Dadabayeva Kimyo International University in Tashkent, Namangan Branch

Keywords:

age; second language acquisition; critical period; adult learning; child learners; pronunciation; grammar; language factors

Abstract

Age is frequently discussed as a significant factor in second language acquisition (SLA). Scholars hold different views regarding whether children possess a biological advantage or whether adults can reach comparable proficiency through cognitive maturity and developed learning strategies. This paper examines five major studies related to age and SLA and highlights their core arguments. The reviewed evidence shows that learners who begin earlier tend to develop more natural pronunciation and grammatical patterns, whereas adults may demonstrate faster improvement at the initial stages. Nevertheless, age does not function alone; motivation, exposure, environment, and individual abilities play equally essential roles. The findings suggest that age shapes SLA outcomes, but successful learning results from the interaction of biological, cognitive, and social influences rather than age alone.

References

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