PREVENTION OF OCCUPATIONAL INFECTIONS IN OPERATING ROOM NURSES

Abstract

Occupational infections remain a significant health risk for operating room nurses due to constant exposure to blood, biological fluids, sharp instruments, and invasive procedures. Despite advances in surgical technologies and infection control protocols, operating room nurses continue to experience a high risk of bloodborne and contact-transmitted infections, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus. This review analyzes current evidence on the epidemiology, risk factors, and mechanisms of occupational infections among operating room nurses, with particular emphasis on preventive strategies. Key aspects include adherence to standard precautions, proper use of personal protective equipment, safe handling of sharp instruments, sterilization and disinfection practices, and the role of education and continuous training. The review also highlights organizational and behavioral factors influencing compliance with infection prevention measures. Understanding the multifactorial nature of occupational infection risks is essential for developing effective preventive programs. Strengthening infection control practices in operating rooms is critical for protecting nursing staff, improving workplace safety, and ensuring high-quality surgical care.