FEATURES OF THE COURSE OF ALLERGIC RHINITIS IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS

Abstract

This article describes in detail the features of the course of allergic rhinitis in children and adults, clinical symptoms, pathogenesis mechanisms, and differences in diagnosis and treatment. Allergic rhinitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract that develops as a result of an excessive response of the immune system to allergens, which manifests itself in different clinical manifestations in children and adults. The article analyzes the fact that allergic rhinitis in children often begins at an early age, is characterized by nasal congestion, frequent sneezing, watery discharge, as well as a high probability of co-occurrence of the disease with bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis. In adults, allergic rhinitis is more likely to have a chronic course, has a negative impact on work activity and quality of life, is manifested by additional symptoms such as headache, sleep disorders. The article substantiates age-related immunological differences, the importance of collecting anamnesis in diagnosis, allergological tests, and the need for an individual approach to treatment.  It is concluded that early detection and proper treatment of allergic rhinitis is an important factor in preventing disease complications and improving the quality of life of patients.