EARLY DIAGNOSTICS OF PILOROSTENOSIS IN NEWBORNS

Abstract

 Congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is one of the severe congenital disorders of the gastrointestinal tract in newborns, caused by hypertrophy of the muscular layer of the pyloric region and impaired gastric emptying into the duodenum. The incidence of the disease ranges from 0.5 to 3 cases per 1000 children, with a male predominance at a ratio of 4:1. Late diagnosis of pyloric stenosis leads to severe hypotrophy, disturbances of water-electrolyte balance, and metabolic alkalosis. Aim of the study: To optimize the diagnosis of congenital pyloric stenosis based on clinical, radiological, and instrumental methods of investigation. Materials and methods: From 2017 to 2025, 125 patients with congenital pyloric stenosis were comprehensively examined at the Andijan Regional Multidisciplinary Children’s Medical Center. Diagnostic methods included clinical assessment, contrast radiography, ultrasonography, endoscopy, and laboratory investigations. Results and conclusion: According to the results, 103 patients (82.4%) were hospitalized at the age of 1–3 months, while 22 patients (17.6%) were admitted during the neonatal period. The main clinical manifestations included projectile vomiting, progressive weight loss, decreased diuresis, and intensified gastric peristalsis. Contrast radiography and ultrasonography demonstrated high diagnostic value in detecting congenital pyloric stenosis. Early diagnosis and a comprehensive treatment approach contribute to the prevention of severe metabolic disorders and significantly improve clinical outcomes in children with congenital pyloric stenosis.